A Jack
A commercially produced construction consisting of three two-foot cement stakes joined in the middle to form a star or jack of six one-foot legs. They are used to add stability to the lower part of a stream bank. 

Bank Planting
Placing topsoil and other materials needed for sustaining plant growth, and selecting, installing and establishing appropriate plant species.

Bank Shaping
Regrading streambanks to a stable slope.

Boulder Clusters/Boulders Added
Groups of boulders placed in the base flow channel to provide cover, create scour holes, or areas of reduced velocity. 

Branch Packing
Alternate layers of live branches and compacted backfill which stabilize and revegetate slumps and holes in streambanks. 

Brush Bundles/Mattresses Added
Combination of live stakes, live facines, and branch cuttings installed to cover and physically protect streambanks; eventually to sprout and establish numerous individual plants.

Check Dam
A small dam used to restrict flow and lessen erosion in a drainageway.

Coir or Coconut Fiber Logs/Mats
Cylindrical structures composed of coconut husk fibers bound together with twine woven from coconut material to protect slopes from erosion while trapping sediment which encourages plant growth within the fiber roll.

Culverts Added
A tube made of plastic, metal, or concrete through which water can flow under roads or other constructed areas.

Dam Removal
Removing dams restores the hydrology and geomorphology of a stream, as well as providing additional habitat access.

Deflectors
Structures that protrude from either streambank but do not extend entirely across a channel. They deflect flows away from the bank, and scour pools by constricting the channel and accelerating flow.

Detention Pond
A constructed pond that captures storm water runoff for the purposes of  retention and treatment.

Dormant Post Plantings
Plantings of cottonwood, willow, poplar, or other species embedded vertically into streambanks to increase channel roughness, reduce flow velocities near the slope face, and trap sediment.

Fish Passages
Any one of a number of instream changes which enhance the opportunity for target fish species to freely move to upstream areas for spawning, habitat utilization, and other life functions. 

Fish Screen
A screen or mesh in front of a turbine intake of a dam. This prevents the fish from being killed, and diverts them into a bypass system.

Fish Ladder
A structure made up of a series of shallow ‘steps’. Water flows over the steps, which allows fish to swim up them. Used to allow fish to move past dams and other structures.

Flushing
A high-magnitude, short duration release from a reservoir to scour fine-grained sediments from the streambed and restore suitable instream habitat.

Infiltration Galleries
EPA Definition http://www.epa.gov/OCEPAterms/iterms.html: A sub-surface groundwater collection system, typically shallow in depth, constructed with open-jointed or perforated pipes that discharge collected water into a watertight chamber from which the water is pumped to treatment facilities and into the distribution system. Usually located close to streams or ponds.

Joint Plantings
Live stakes tamped into joints or openings between rock which have previously been installed on a slope or while rock is being placed on the slope face.

Live Cribwall
Hollow, box-like interlocking arrangements of untreated log or timber members filled above baseflow with alternate layers of soil material and live branch cuttings that root and gradually take over the structural functions of the wood members.

Live Fascines
Dormant branch cuttings bound together into long sausage-like, cylindrical bundles and placed in shallow trenches on slopes to reduce erosion and shallow sliding.

Live Stakes
Live, woody cuttings which are tamped into the soil to root, grow and create a living root mat that stabilizes the soil by reinforcing and binding soil particles together, and by extracting excess soil moisture.

Livestock Exclusion
Fencing, alternate sources of water and shelter, and managed grazing to protect, maintain, or improve riparian flora and fauna and water quality.

Lunker
Cells constructed of heavy wooden planks and blocks which are imbedded into the toe of streambanks at channel bed level to provide covered compartments for fish shelter, habitat, and prevention of streambank erosion.

Maintenance of Hydraulic Connections
Maintenance of hydraulic connectivity to allow movement of water and biota between the stream and abandoned channel reaches.

Meander Creation
Transformation of a less meandering stream into a more meandering one. 

Migration Barriers
Obstacles placed at strategic locations along streams to prevent undesirable species from accessing upstream areas.

Revetments (Log | Rootwad | Boulder )
Boulders and logs with root masses attached placed in and on streambanks to provide streambank erosion, trap sediment, and improve habitat diversity.

Revetments (Tree)
A row of interconnected trees attached to the toe of the streambank or to deadmen in the streambank to reduce flow velocities along eroding streambanks, trap sediment, and provide a substrate for plant establishment and erosion control.

Riparian Buffer Creation & Maitenance
Streamside vegetation to lower water temperatures, provide a source of detritus and large woody debris, improve habitat, and to reduce sediment, organic material, nutrients, pesticides and other pollutants migrating to the stream. 

Riprap
A blanket of appropriately sized stones extending from the toe of slope to a height needed for long term durability. 

Rock or Log Vane
Linear arrangement of rocks or logs projecting at an angle from a stream bank in the upstream direction to direct flows towards the center of the channel and improve/create aquatic habitat by enhancing flow diversity through the formation of scour pools.  

Sediment Basin
Barriers, often employed in conjunction with excavated pools, constructed across a drainage way or off-stream and connected to the stream by a flow diversion channel to trap and store waterborne sediment and debris.

Step Pools
A construction of many six inch steps of rocks, wood, or concrete over hundreds or thousands of feet of stream. Used to diffuse hydraulic pressures and as a fish passage. 

Stone Toe Protection
A ridge of quarried rock or stream cobble placed at the toe of the streambank as an armor to deflect flow from the bank, stabilize the slope and promote sediment deposition.

Stream Meander Restoration
Transformation of a less meandering stream into a more meandering one.

Swale
This grassy depression leads run-off to a storage area, like a retention pond, or other surface water. The grass is meant to filter and slow the water being discharged into the watercourse. 

Vegetated Gabions
Wire-mesh, rectangular baskets filled with small to medium size rock and soil and laced together to form a structural toe or sidewall. Live branch cuttings are placed on each consecutive layer between the rock filled baskets to take root, consolidate the structure, and bind it to the slope.

Vegetated Geogrids
Alternating layers of live branch cuttings and compacted soil with natural or synthetic geotextile materials wrapped around each soil lift to rebuild and vegetate eroded streambanks.

Water Level Control & Maitenance
Managing water levels within the channel and adjoining riparian zone to control aquatic plants and restore desired functions, including aquatic habitat. Level Spreaders- devices installed in outflow structures to convert concentrated flow to sheet flow to prevent rill/gully formation and reduce erosion

Weir or Sills
Log, boulder, or quarrystone structures placed across the channel and anchored to the streambank and/or bed to create pool habitat, control bed erosion, or collect and retain gravel.